Oral Cavity Cancer
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Oral cancer (Cavity) Doctor in Kolkata
Oral cavity cancer which is also known as mouth cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the mouth. This type of cancer can affect the lips, gums, tongue, inner lining of the cheeks, the roof of the mouth, or the floor of the mouth. This type of cancer is also a part of head and neck cancer. Early detection and necessary treatment are crucial to improve oral cancer survival rate, as oral cavity cancer can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. The oral oncologist in Kolkata offers specialised attention for those battling oral cancer.
Oral Cavity Cancer Signs and Symptoms
At the preliminary stage, the symptoms of oral cavity cancer are subtle but as the disease progresses, it becomes more noticeable. Let us discuss some of the common signs and symptoms:
Long-lasting sores in the mouth
If the sore lasts for a long period, especially one that does not heal after two weeks can be a key indicator of oral cancer.
Lumps or thickening
If you notice any lump or thick patches in the mouth, throat, or lips can be an early sign.
Sudden bleeding
Frequent bleeding in the mouth without any clear cause is also a potential symptom.
Pain or difficulty swallowing
If swallowing becomes painful or challenging, it could be an indicator of oral cavity cancer.
Changes in voice
Harshness or chronic sore throat can also be an indicator that the cancer has spread to the throat.
Constant bad breath
Halitosis, or bad breath, that doesn’t improve even with good oral hygiene can be a sign of oral cancer.
Loose teeth
Oral cancer can cause teeth to become loose or alter how dentures fit in the mouth.
So it is crucial to seek medical help from a doctor if any of these symptoms stay, as early intervention improves the chances of effective treatment. Contact the cancer specialist today for oral cancer treatment in kolkata.
Oral Cavity Cancer Causes
Several factors can lead to this disease. So, oral cavity cancer causes include:
Smoking and Chewing Tobacco
Smoking and chewing tobacco are the leading causes of oral cancer. These habits expose the mouth to carcinogens, increasing the risk of cancerous cell development.
Excessive Alcohol Consumption
Excessive drinking over a long period can irritate the cells in the mouth, contributing to the development of cancer.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly the HPV-16 strain, has been linked to oropharyngeal cancers.
Sun Exposure
Prolonged exposure to the sun increases the risk of lip cancer, particularly in the lower lip.
Weakened Immune System
A weakened immune system may fail to detect and remove cancerous cells in the mouth.
Additional Factors
Other factors that can contribute to oral cancer are poor diet, a history of previous cancers, and genetic predispositions.
So, it is necessary to regularly undergo dental check-ups and a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk.
Oral Cavity Cancer Diagnosis
Oral cavity cancer can be diagnosed through various procedures. Let us discuss the procedures:
Physical Examination
A detailed examination of the mouth, throat, and neck to detect any lumps or abnormal areas.
Biopsy
A sample of the suspicious tissue is taken for laboratory testing to determine if it is cancerous.
Imaging Tests
Tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs help doctors locate the cancer, assess its size, and check for spread to other parts of the body.
Endoscopy
A thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the throat to examine deeper areas of the mouth and throat.
The Oral Cavity Cancer TNM staging system is commonly used to determine the stage of oral cavity cancer. This system examines tumour size (T), the involvement of nearby lymph nodes (N), and the presence of metastasis (M). If you understand the stage of cancer, it will help you to choose the right treatment plan.
Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment Options
The oral mouth cancer treatment options depend on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health. The common treatment approaches include:
Radiation Therapy
In this procedure, high-energy radiation beams are used to kill cancer cells. It can be used alone to destroy remaining cancerous cells. Advanced techniques like intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) allow precise targeting of the tumour while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy drugs work by killing cancer cells or stopping them from dividing. It is often used in combination with radiation therapy for advanced stages of oral cavity cancer.
Targeted Therapy
Targeted drugs attack specific proteins found on cancer cells without affecting normal cells, making this a less toxic option than traditional chemotherapy.
Rehabilitation
This includes speech therapy and swallowing therapy, which is often a part of the post-treatment recovery process to help restore normal functions.
Oral Cavity Cancer Survival Rate
The survival rate for oral cavity cancer depends on various factors, including the cancer stage at diagnosis, the patient’s overall health, and the type of treatment received. Early-stage cancers have a significantly better prognosis compared to advanced-stage cancers. According to statistics, the 5-year survival rate for localized oral cavity cancer can be as high as 80%, but this number decreases for cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.
Oral cavity cancer is a serious but treatable disease, especially when detected early. It is crucial to stay informed about the signs and symptoms, reducing risk factors like tobacco and alcohol use, and seeking immediate medical care can improve outcomes. For more guidance, consult an oral oncologist in Kolkata, for expert advice and personalised care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can oral cancer be cured?
Yes, oral cancer can be cured, especially if detected early. Treatment options like radiation and chemotherapy can lead to successful outcomes. However, the prognosis depends on the stage of diagnosis and overall health. Early intervention is key for higher survival rates.
What is the first stage of mouth cancer?
The first stage of mouth cancer, or stage 1, is when the tumour is 2 centimetres or smaller and has not spread to lymph nodes or other tissues. Early detection at this stage greatly improves the chances of successful treatment.
How to check mouth cancer at home?
To check for signs of mouth cancer at home, examine your mouth regularly for any unusual sores, lumps, or white/red patches that don’t heal after two weeks. Also, feel for persistent pain, difficulty swallowing, or changes in speech. If you notice any concerning symptoms, consult the doctor for further evaluation.
Is mouth cancer painful?
Mouth cancer can be painful, especially as it progresses. Early signs may include painless sores, but as the cancer grows, it can cause discomfort, difficulty swallowing, and persistent pain in the mouth or throat. Always consult a doctor if symptoms persist.
How to differentiate between mouth ulcers and cancer?
To differentiate between a mouth ulcer and mouth cancer, look for these key differences: Mouth ulcers are usually painful, shallow, and heal within one to two weeks, while cancerous lesions may be painless, persist longer, and appear as lumps or patches that do not heal. If you notice any concerning changes, it’s crucial to consult the doctor for further evaluation.